The project will support Tajikistan in (i) rehabilitating and expanding climate-resilient water supply and sanitation (WSS) infrastructure, pilot testing the establishment of district metering areas (DMAs) for nonrevenue water (NRW) management in selected districts of Dushanbe city and rehabilitation of the south sewage collector, benefitting 352,000 people; and (ii) developing a business model for the State Unitary Enterprise Dushanbevodokanal (DVK) to improve the sustainability of operations, including an accountability and incentive mechanism with a performance benchmarking matrix and smart management system. The project will pilot test a behavior change component for raising public awareness on water usage and conservation and the benefits of smart meters. This is the first urban sector project of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in Tajikistan, demonstrating efficient network management with potential for scaling up citywide. It is listed in the ADB country operations business plan for Tajikistan, 2018 2020.