
When the water recedes: How the shallowing of the Caspian Sea is changing the economy of western Kazakhstan
Caspian Sea, photo by Canva The shallowing of the Caspian Sea is increasingly going beyond the environmental agenda, directly affecting the economy, logistics, and quality of life in Kazakhstan’s coastal regions. The Mangystau Region, a key transit and oil infrastructure hub in the country, is feeling the effects of the





